Mercury use in lighting this fact sheet summarizes the use of mercury in lighting devices, such as fluorescent lamps, high intensity discharge hid lamps e. Just the name mercury vapor is misleading because there is no vapor in the arc tubes unless the arc is burning. Mercury lamps are becoming harder and harder to find. Dec 31, 2018 the lamp gets its state of its operational stability. An electricdischarge lamp consisting of an electric arc in mercury vapor in a sealed tube, which in turn may be enclosed in an outer glass envelope. The first practical mercury lamp was the cooperhewitt lamp developed by peter cooper hewitt in 1901. The 160 watt projects uvb up to several feet from the lamps surface and is ideal for large terrariums or bird aviaries. Less than 1% of the mercury in a mercury vapor lamp is in vapor form and will be released if a lamp is accidentally broken. This gives a typical diffuse mediumpressure uv spectrum see figure 3. U sing a glove or several folds of thick cloth to protect. Documents sold on the ansi standards store are in electronic adobe acrobat pdf format, however some iso and iec standards are available from amazon in hard copy format. Mercuryvapor lamp definition is an electric lamp in which the discharge takes place through mercury vapor called also mercury lamp.
Temperature optimum hg vapor pressure the cold spot hg. Mercury lamps get dimmer over time and rarely burn out, so it is wise to replace them and restore light level. Philips mercury vapor 250watt high pressure hid light bulb is ideal for use in landscape lighting, dusk to dawn, roadway, parking lots, floodlights and security fixtures. Mercury vapor lamps generally contain between 10 and 100 mg of mercury. Germicidal lamp components glass filament mount sa fill gas mercury final assembly 3. Every step of the process from packaging and transporting mercuryladen products to reclaiming the mercury they contain carries the risk of elemental mercury and mercury vapor release. While the bulbs are being used, the mercury within them poses. I am matthew,from haining xushi bulb factory in china. Best applications for mercury vapor lamps eye lighting. Eye lighting still offers a full line of mercury replacement lamps. The electric current excites the mercury vapor in the tube, generating radiant energy, primarily in the ultraviolet uv range.
Xenon lamps emit a continuous spectrum, ranging from the uv to visible to infrared, with high luminance and high color temperature. The lamp gets its state of its operational stability. Ultraviolet energy for disinfection is produced using mercury vapor lamps. Mercuryvapor lamp a gasdischarge light source in which an electric. Mercuryvapor lamp definition of mercuryvapor lamp by. Philips lighting company lamp material data sheet lmds lmds. P a s c o w ill repair or replace, at its option, any part of the product. The lead solder or mercury vapor should pose little risk of exposure under normal use and handling. Mercury vapor lamps benefits, health hazards and pollution. There is a considered view that these lamps have the potential to sap out the energy from us if we get exposed to it on a regular basis. Mercury vapor lamps feature low initial cost, but have higher operating costs than hps or metal halide due to its lower efficiency. Cathode ray tubes crts from computers, televisions, etc may be handled as either electric lamps or consumer electronics universal waste.
Mercury vapor bulb facts 1 self ballasted mercury vapor sbmv bulbs bulbs have a filament inside that works as a ballast. Engineering high intensity discharge bulletin mercury lamps. A case of 6 watt lamps shipped by air cargo plane requires a declaration of dangerous goods shipping document. The mercury vapor lamp produces a bluish white light by introducing an electric current to mercury vapor within a. Most modern mercury vapor lamps have this rectification done in them. Mercury vapor lamps are primarily used in industrial applications and outdoor lighting e. The extensive use of the mercury vapor lamp depends entirely upon the versatility of the mercury vapor as regards pressure, temperature, voltage and other characteristics, each change resulting in a lamp of different spectral quality and efficiency. Mercury vapor lamp definition of mercury vapor lamp by. Mercury vapor lamps are highintensity discharge lamps that predate modern highpressure sodium and metal halide lamps. Toxic mercury vapors can be released if the lamp is broken. This rectification is done by applying phosphor on the inner surface of the bulb. Uv is a selfballasted mercury vapor lamp which emits uva, uvb and heat all in one lamp. Standard mercury hid lamps operate on existing mercury ballast.
The determination of mercury by cold vapor atomic absorption. The energy causes a phosphor coating on the inside of the tube to fluoresce, converting the uv. Mercury vapor air sampling results at a fluorescent lamp recycling facility wisconsin, 2017. Compared to incandescent lamps, gasdischarge lamps offer higher efficiency, 1 2 but are more complicated to manufacture and most exhibit negative resistance, causing the resistance in the plasma to decrease as the current flow increases. Mercury vapor light source 01202262h 4 w arranty and equipm ent return l im ite d w a rra n ty p a s c o scientific w arrants this product to be free from defects in m aterials and w orkm anship for a period of one year from the date of shipm ent to the custom er.
The photolysis cell is composed of a narrowbore borosilicate glass coil 15 loops each of 8. Nov 14, 20 mercury vapor lamps have found the greatest use in industrial applications and outdoor lighting, because of their low cost and long life, and lamp sizes of up to 1,000 watts. Ideal for photometric equipment such as spectrophotometers, and other applications where highprecision measurement lamps are. Halogen and mercury vapor reptile heat bulbs box turtle world. Mar 15, 2020 a fluorescent lamp is a low weight mercury vapour lamp that uses fluorescence to deliver visible light. According to the united states government printing office, the energy policy act of 2005 prohibited the manufacture and importation of mercury vapor light ballasts after january 1, 2008. A protective quartz sleeve, which is transparent to uv light, surrounds the lamp. Occupational mercury exposure at a fluorescent lamp recycling.
Occupational mercury exposure at a fluorescent lamp. Removing the broken lamp debris and ventilating the area for 15 minutes if possible is recommended. Halogen and mercury vapor reptile heat bulbs box turtle. For transport exemptions consult applicable regulations. Low pressure mercury lamps have been manufactured in jelight company inc. However, the first lowpressure lamps were sold commercially in the united states in 1901 after john cooper hewitt innovated the lamps color. Pdf the mercury vapor lamp is the oldest high intensity discharge technology lamp that uses an electric arc, and comes in different shapes and. Mercury vapor technology was developed throughout the 1800s in england and germany. Gasdischarge lamps are a family of artificial light sources that generate light by sending an electric discharge through an ionized gas, a plasma. Mercury vapor standard hpl high pressure mercury philips. M ercury vapo r lig ht so urce university of virginia. A toxicity characteristic leaching procedure tclp test conducted on the lamp for lead or mercury could cause the lamp to be classified as a hazardous waste.
Despite the mandate, there are plenty of old outdoor mercury vapor lights still in use in the united states. A key or legend to abbreviations and acronyms used in the safety data sheet. U nscrew the eight screw s that attach the top plate of the light source and rem ove the top plate. Apr 07, 2020 a mercury vapor lamp is a type of high intensity discharge hid lamp that is predominantly used for commercial and outdoor lighting. Working principle of mercury vapor lamp polytechnic hub.
Theres a lot of mercury in our world, and handling it needs to be left up to the experts. The lamp is said to be low pressure if the partial pressure of the vapor is below 0. Typically, such lamps use a noble gas argon, neon, krypton, and xenon or a mixture of these gases. Mercury vapor lamp article about mercury vapor lamp by. Our lamps employ a highperformance cathode, so they maintain a stable arc point even after many hours of use unlike conventional lamps. Self ballasted mercury hid lamps contain an internal ballast that allows it to operate in an incandescent socket. Mercury vapor lamps, however, may not be good for your health. Mercury vapor lamps are bright, longlasting light sources that are often used to light large areas such as streets, gyms, sports arenas, banks, or stores. It has a bluish green appearance and features a low initial cost.
The tubes carry many times the amount of mercury about 115 milligrams depending on the lamp then the metal halide or mercury vapor bulbs about. Mediumpressure lamps draw a much greater current than lowpressure lamps, leading to a rapid rise in the mercury vapor pressure. Philips lighting company lamp material data sheet lmds. A jerome 411 gold film mercury vapor analyzer 10 was used to detect mercury vapor released from the broken bulbs. This test is used to determine if an item can be managed of as hazardous or nonhazardous waste. Some include additional substances, like mercury, sodium, and metal halides, which are vaporized during startup to become part of the gas mixture. Philips mercury vapor lamps all wattages all standard mercury vapor lamps medium and mogul base h33, h36, h37, h38, h39, h43, h44, h45, h46. Hach replacement uv for toc analyzers, arc imaging, chromatography, photochemistry, calibration of uv detectors, calibrations of spectrophotometer, and more.
These are similar in operation and appearance to a fluorescent lamp. It includes information on the total amount of mercury in all lamp products that were sold in the u. Germicidal lamp types lamp nomenclature lamp diameter 2. The mercury vapor lamp produces a bluish white light by introducing an electric current to mercury vapor within a sealed glass tube. The mercury vapor lamp is similar in construction to the sodium vapor lamp. In lowpressure mercury vapor lamps, only the lines at 184 and 253 nanometers nm are. Ultraviolet light is emitted as a current flows through vaporized mercury. Mercury vapor lamps have found the greatest use in industrial applications and outdoor lighting, because of their low cost and long life, and lamp sizes of up to 1,000 watts.
Philips mercury vapor lamps last at least 24,000 hours. A mercury vapor lamp is a gasdischarge lamp that produces light via an electric arc through vaporized mercury. Germicidal lamp definition what does a germicidal lamp do. Since the light emitted by a mercuryvapor light has a blue tone, this needs to be accounted for, or color corrected as it is called. Components of a germicidal lamp mercury omercury is useful in lighting because it contributes to the bulbs efficient operation and life expectancy.
A fluorescent lamp is a low weight mercury vapour lamp that uses fluorescence to deliver visible light. Mercury lamp replacements high efficiency choice 12 ez lux converts mercury sockets to highly efficient high pressure sodium lighting direct replacement for mercury lighting more efficient, higher lumens than mercury14% energy cost savings and at least 40% more light iline multivapor converts mercury sockets to. Per unit area, the effective germicidal output of a mediumpressure lamp is much greater up to 30 times than a lowpressure lamp, allowing high flow rates to be treated using fewer lamps. Mercuryvapor lamp an overview sciencedirect topics. It was the first metal vapor style of light fixture to be mass produced for general lighting. The amount of mercury per case may exceed the iata regulation for. The fluorescent lamp is perhaps the best known gasdischarge lamp. Because mercury lamps are so prevalent in current outdoor lighting, and still safe when properly installed in a serviceable fixture, the need for these products will. Documents sold on the ansi webstore are in electronic adobe acrobat pdf format, however some iso and iec standards are available. The clear mercury bulb has a bluish green appearance and the deluxe white has a higher color rendering.
An electric current in the gas energizes mercury vapor which delivers ultraviolet radiation through discharge process and the ultraviolet radiation causes the phosphor coating of the lamp inner wall to radiate visible light. When a mercury vapor lamp is to be disposed, it is subject to the current epa toxicity characteristic leaching procedure tclp disposal criteria. Mercury vapour lamp article about mercury vapour lamp by. In the mercury lamp, light is produced by the passage of an electric current through a gas or vapor under pressure instead of through a tungsten wire as in the incandescent lamp. A mercury hollow cathode lamp was used as the light source. Pdf on mercury vapor lamps and their effect on the smart. All mercury vapor lamps contain some amount of mercury. It consists of a discharge envelope enclosed in an outer bulb of. Mercury lamps use lead solder on the lamp base and mercury in the arc tube. A mercury vapor lamp is a type of high intensity discharge hid lamp that is predominantly used for commercial and outdoor lighting. The arc discharge is generally confined to a small fused quartz arc tube mounted within a larger borosilicate glass bulb. But there may be still some invisible ultraviolet radiation during discharging process of mercury vapour so phosphor coating may be provided on outer glass cover to improve efficiency of the mercury lamp. The agilent model 65 vapor generation accessory the agilent model 65 accessory is used not only for the mercury cold vapor technique but also for the determination of metallic hydrideforming elements. The watt lamp contains enough mercury to be regulated for transportation by air.
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